Rubber was used as an eraser by the British scientist Joseph Priestley, with "rubber" entering English parlance as a substitute for the term "eraser". He brought several samples of rubber back to France. Around 1736, a French astronomer recalled how Amerindians used rubber to waterproof shoes and cloaks. Christopher Columbus was one of the first Europeans to bring news of this odd substance back to Europe, but he was not the only one to report it. Natural rubber is an elastomer, also known as tree gum, India rubber, and caoutchouc, which comes from the rubber tree in tropical regions. There was heightened rubber production and associated activities again from 1942 to 1945 during the Second World War.īackground Extraction of latex from a rubber tree The rubber boom occurred largely between 18. It encouraged the growth of cities such as Manaus and Belém, capitals within the respective Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará, among many other cities throughout the region like Itacoatiara, Rio Branco, Eirunepé, Marabá, Cruzeiro do Sul and Altamira as well as the expansion of Iquitos in Peru, Cobija in Bolivia and Leticia in Colombia. Centered in the Amazon Basin, the boom resulted in a large expansion of European colonization in the area, attracting immigrant workers, generating wealth, causing cultural and social transformations, and wreaking havoc upon indigenous societies. The Amazon rubber cycle, or boom ( Portuguese: Ciclo da borracha, Brazilian Portuguese: Spanish: Fiebre del caucho, pronounced, 1879 to 1912) was an important part of the economic and social history of Brazil and Amazonian regions of neighboring countries, being related to the extraction and commercialization of rubber. It includes part of Brazil and Bolivia, along the rivers Madeira, Mamoré and Guaporé, near which the Madeira-Mamoré Railroad was built. Map showing the region of the Amazon which experienced the rubber boom. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) ( May 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations.
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